Sunday, April 27, 2008

Trade and the impact of change

In preparation for the joint FTE/Liberty Fund conference - Free Trade, Globalization, and Economic Development I have been rereading Dr. Rivoli's The Travels of a T-Shirt in the Global Economy in which she cites her colleague:


"Does the world really need another book about globalization?" Jagdish Bhagwati asks in the introduction to his recent book on the topic.

The answer, in my view, is yes and in addition to Rivoli's book, we are reading Bhagwati's In Defense of Globalization.

Rivoli writes in the preface to her book:

Later writers -- perhaps most artfully Peter Dougherty -- have argued instead that "Economics is part of a larger civilizing project," in which markets depend for their very survival on various forms of the backlash. My T-shirt's story comes down on Dougherty's side: Neither the market nor the backlash alone presents much hope for the poor the world over who farm cotton or stitch T-shirts together, but in the unintentional conspiracy between the two sides there is promise.

My T-shirt's life suggests, however, that the importance of markets might be overstated by both globalizers and critics. While my T-shirt's life story is certainly influenced by competitive economic markets, the key events in the T-shirt's life are less about competitive markets than they are about politics, history, and creative maneuvers to avoid markets. Even those who laud the effects of highly competitive markets are loathe to experience them personally, so the winners at various stages of my T-shirt's life are adept not so much at competing in markets but at avoiding them. The effects of these avoidance maneuvers can have more damaging effects on the poor and powerless than market competition itself. In short, my T-shirt's story has turned out to be less about markets than I would have predicted, and more about the historical and political webs of intrigue in which the markets are embedded. In peeling the onion of my T-shirt's life -- especially as it relates to current debates -- I kept being led back to history and politics.

No comments: